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Autonomous Driving: An Overview

What is the state of the art? How is testing carried out? What will the future bring? Everything there is to know about cars and other vehicles that operate on an automated or autonomous basis.

Definition: What is Autonomous Driving?

Autonomous driving normally refers to self-driving vehicles or transport systems that move without the intervention of a human driver. In 2014, SAE International (Society of Automotive Engineers) published the J3016 standard to define the various development levels up to fully autonomous vehicles. The levels for autonomous driving range from Level 0 (no automation) up to Level 5 (full vehicle autonomy).

From Level 0 to Level 5

Autonomous Driving: Steps to a Self-driving Vehicle

Autonomous driving is no longer a distant vision of the future. But how close are we? And what exactly does the term mean? The steps to the self-driving robot vehicle.

What a Self-driving Vehicle Needs

Advanced sensor technology, smart control systems and intelligent actuators: For everything from automated to autonomous driving, complex technology is in demand. However, it is not just a question of automated vehicles being able to set themselves in motion. In the future, safety will continue to be the top priority, and passenger comfort will become even more important.

ZF ProAI: The Source of Vehicle Intelligence

ZF drives vehicle intelligence: The new ZF ProAI is the most flexible, scalabe and powerful automotive-grade supercomputer on the market.

Automated Valet Parking

With its cost-efficient "Automated Valet Parking" solution, ZF helps to reduce the stress of finding parking spaces. The system is one of the first worldwide to function independent of a pre-mapped and instrumented parking garage infrastructure.

Driverless to the parking space

Level 2+: Semi-automated Driving for Everyone

Level 2+ semi-automated driving systems can help enhance safety and comfort in passenger cars. With its comprehensive portfolio of intelligent advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS), ZF offers solutions scalable to cost and functions desired.

The Mediator in Automotive Software

With its "middleware", ZF is creating a central software platform for the software-defined car of the future: Middleware helps connect all software applications and enables data to be exchanged between them.

Hands on the steering wheel of an autonomously driving vehicle

Interaction Between Human and Machine

Are you going to drive, or should I? Instead of this being a matter of who will take the car keys, you or your partner, this question is increasingly being asked between human and machine.

Artificial Intelligence: The Algorithm as a Chauffeur

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is gaining ground in more and more areas of everyday life. Of course also in road traffic. ZF is already working on this technological leap.

The algorithm learns how to drive

Combined Sensor Power for Autonomous Vehicles

Advanced driver assistance systems also need to be able to handle complex traffic situations safely. For the vehicle to function reliably under all lighting and weather conditions, information from the cameras, LIDAR and radar sensors must be intelligently connected and brought into context.

The Chassis – the Key to Autonomous Driving

Ride comfort, driving behavior and thus the chassis will play a crucial role in the success of autonomous vehicles. Especially passengers who are not actively driving a vehicle themselves prove to be more sensitive to changes in travel comfort.

From Ride-hailing Robo-Taxis to Self-driving Shuttles

The trend toward automation is not limited to passenger cars. Companies like ZF have long been working on self-driving people and cargo movers, automated commercial vehicles, intelligent forklift trucks and innovative agricultural machinery.

Autonomous Shuttles: Riding Past the Traffic Jam

Driverless, electric minibuses can already massively relieve inner-city traffic. ZF has expanded its offering to get autonomous transport systems on the road faster.

Ride-hailing robo-taxis

Novel urban mobility choices such as ride-hailing are one of the biggest drivers behind the development of autonomous driving. ZF uses a demo vehicle to demonstrate how the company enables novel forms of mobility.

Autonomous package delivery: Satisfaction delivered right to your door

In Germany alone, delivery drivers transport more than ten million packages every day – and the trend is rising. With an interconnected concept vehicle that drives autonomously, ZF shows how package delivery can be handled with less stress for everyone involved.

Smart logistics: As if moved by an invisible hand

Large numbers of autonomous vehicles will soon be on the move without many of us realizing it: trucks that operate without drivers on the premises of depots. Smart logistics solutions such as these are boosting efficiency in the movement of goods.

When the Computer Controls us

Not everyone is enthusiastic about the opportunities that autonomous driving is promising to us. Some are afraid of losing the fun of driving, and others are warning against the threat of hackers or pointing out difficult legal and ethical issues.

Cybersecurity Automotive: How to Protect Vehicles

Cybersecurity: How to protect vehicles from hacker attacks

Mobility is becoming increasingly digital and connected, and protection against hacker attacks is becoming ever more important. As early as 2022, compliance with cybersecurity standards will be mandatory for new vehicle registrations in many countries.

Holistic approach to cybersecurity

Don’t be afraid of losing control

From Frankenstein to the Matrix, literature and movies are packed with conflicts between machines and people. Even surrendering control to an autonomous vehicle would be difficult for most people. However, automation can be associated with many advantages.

Ethical issues surrounding automated driving (ADAC)

The future could belong to autonomous vehicles, but the rapid pace of technological development is also raising ethical questions, such as whether this technology should one day be made mandatory.

New Cars – Changing Requirements

Mobility as a Service, intermodal mobility, ride-hailing robo-taxis: The mobility of the future will evolve rapidly in some areas, bringing to the market new players, but also new opportunities.

The Future of Autonomous Driving Starts Now

Autonomous driving - the eternal topic of the future? When it comes to ZF, this future is now.

Solutions for all levels

A Brief New Mobility Glossary

From Mobility as a Service to Car-to-X. Novel names and abbreviations shape the language of the mobility of tomorrow. We explain the most important terms.

Technology Domains

How ZF will Shape the Future of Mobility